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c John Mahaffy, Penn State University, CmpSc 201 Example
c 1/26/96
c
program iftests
implicit none
c<a name="logical"><font color="FF0000">
logical ltest
c</font></a>
integer i,j
character*1 char
c
c This program gives examples of various uses of the if statement
c
c variables:
c i - an input integer
c j - an integer used in some tests
c char - an input single character
c ltest - logical variable holding the results of a comparison
c
c Begin by reading in a integer
c
10 print *, 'Type in an integer value:'
c
read *, i
c
c The arithmetic IF statement is archaic. You shouldn't use it
c but need to know that it exists.
c
c<a name="a1"><font color="FF0000">
if(i-100) 20,30,40
20 print *, 'input is less than 100'
go to 50
30 print *, 'input is equal to 100'
go to 50
40 print *, 'input is greater than 100'
c</a></font>
c
c The simplest logical IF just does something immediately
c
50 if(i.lt.0) i=-i
if(i.gt.50.and.i.lt.100) print *, ' 50 < input < 100 '
c
c A more powerful logical IF conditionally executes a block of code
c the word 'then' always appears at the end of the IF line and the
c block of code is ended with a line saying 'endif' or 'end if'
c Note the use of indentation to highlight the structure.
c
if(i.ge.100.and.i.le.200) then
i=i+150
print *, 'i incremented by 150'
c<a name="14"><font color="00FF00">
endif
c</font></a>
c
c The contents of the parentheses can always be replaced by a logical
c variable
c
ltest= i.ge.-200.and.i.le.-100
if (ltest) then
i=i+200
print *, 'i incremented by 200'
endif
c
c Block logical IF's may contain other tests and a final option
c (ELSE) to be executed if one of the others is not done. Only one
c of the possible actions will be taken. When it is the others are
c bypassed
c<a name="10"><font color="FF0000">
if((i.gt.200.and.i.le.300).or.(i.gt.1200)) then
i=i+200
print *, 'input incremented by 200'
else if (i.eq.400) then
print *, 'input = 400'
else
print *, 'Nothing special about input.'
endif
c</a></font>
c
c Sometimes it makes sense to use the Fortran 90 Case structure instead
c of IF, ELSE IF structures. Only one case will be done
c
c<a name="case"><font color="FF0000">
select case (i)
c</a></font>
case default
print *, 'Nothing special about input.'
case (201:300)
i=i+200
print *, 'input incremented by 100'
case (400)
print *, 'input = 400'
end select
c
c Of the above examples only SELECT CASE required use of an integer
c rather than a real number. However SELECT CASE also functions with
c Character strings.
c
print *, 'Do you want to continue? (y or n)'
read 1000, char
1000 format(a1)
select case (char)
case ('y')
ltest=.true.
print *, 'Continuing'
case ('n')
ltest=.false.
print *, 'Stopping'
case default
print *, 'Incorrect Response'
stop
c<a name="es"><font color="FF0000">
end select
c</a></font>
c The most basic if test (what the machine does) is just a branch
c These things make the flow of the program difficult to follow and
c should be used as little as possible
c
if(ltest) go to 10
c
c An if test that forces a loop through coding can be implented in
c Fortran 90 with a DO WHILE structure. Notice values of i and j
c when the loop is done. The test always done at the beginning of
c the loop.
c
i=0
j=2
c<a name="dow"><font color="FF0000">
do while (i.lt.10.and.j.lt.10000)
c</font></a>
i=i+1
j=j**2
end do
print *, 'i = ',i,' , j = ',j
c
stop
end
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